Section 447: Punishment for fraud
What this section makes a company do, step by step, with the eForms and the days each step allows. Then the section itself, quoted in full.
Section 447 in full.
Without prejudice to any liability including repayment of any debt under this Actor any other law for the time being in force, any person who is found to be guilty of fraud, [involving an amount of at least ten lakh rupees or one per cent. of the turnover of the company, whichever is lower] shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to ten years and shall also be liable to fine which shall not be less than the amount involved in the fraud, but which may extend to three times the amount involved in the fraud:
Provided that where the fraud in question involves public interest, the term of imprisonment shall not be less than three years.
[Provided further that where the fraud involves an amount less than ten lakh rupees or one per cent. of the turnover of the company, whichever is lower, and does not involve public interest, any person guilty of such fraud shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years or with fine which may extend to [fifty lakh rupees] or with both.]
Explanation.—For the purposes of this section—
(i) “fraud”, in relation to affairs of a company or any body corporate, includes any act, omission, concealment of any fact or abuse of position committed by any person or any other person with the connivance in any manner, with intent to deceive, to gain undue advantage from, or to injure the interests of, the company or its shareholders or its creditors or any other person, whether or not there is any wrongful gain or wrongful loss;
(ii) “wrongful gain” means the gain by unlawful means of property to which the person gaining is not legally entitled;
(iii) “wrongful loss” means the loss by unlawful means of property to which the person losing is legally entitled.
Quoted from the Companies Act 2013 (Act 18 of 2013) as amended, and checked against the MCA text on 17 August 2026. Reproduction of an Act is permitted under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act 1957.
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